Question 2:    Substances can exist as solids, liquids or gases. ai Give the change of state that occurs when a substance is boiled. (1) aii Complete the word equation for the sublimation of iodine. iodine (s) → iodine (……….) (1) b Draw a diagram of circles to show the arrangement of particles in a solid. (1)   c The table lists some statements about particles. Write the letters to show which statements are correct for solid particles. (2) Letter Statement A the particles vibrate B the particles do not move randomly C the particles have no gaps between them D the particles move randomly E the particles have more energy than in water F the particles have a regular arrangement  [5]

Question 1:   This question is about the metal aluminium. ai Draw a labelled diagram to represent the structure and bonding in a metal. (2)    aii Explain why a metal is malleable. (2)     b Aluminium is used to make cans for drinks. Give two properties of aluminium that make it suitable for this use. (2)     c Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide (Al2O3) by electrolysis. The electrolyte is aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite.   ci State why aluminium cannot be extracted by heating aluminium oxide with carbon. (1)   cii Aluminium is produced at the negative electrode. The ionic half-equation for the reaction is Al3+  +  3e−  →  Al State why this is a reduction reaction. (1)   ciii  Complete the ionic half-equation for the reaction at the positive electrode. ………….. O2− → ………….. + …………… (2)   [10]

The members of the agency board hear appeals from the decisions of administrative law judges. 

The 14th Amendment restricts actions by state and local governments. 

Which two clauses are contained in the first amendment? (Choose 2)

The ________________ test is used if the classification involves either a suspect class or a fundamental constitutional right. 

To establish standing of an agency decision, the challenging party must establish the following: 

2.1 Identify the MAMMALIAN tissues A, B and C correctly. (3)

1.3 Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A and B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Choose A, B, BOTH A and B or NONE from the dropdown list.   2X2 (4)

3.2 The extract above uses the term “apoptosis”.  Explain what you understand by this term. (2)