Virus host range is determined by virus ligand binding to a specific host cell receptor.

Which choice describes a difference between Hfr X F(-) and F(+) X F(-) conjugation?

1.  According to the handout distributed and discussed in the class, there are 5 biochemical tests that can help you identify the genus of gram – organisms. Name 3 of the biochemical tests.

Why can HIV be an oncovirus? (one sentence should suffice)

Which choice best lists all of the enzymes located at a DNA replication fork.

In which gene transfer method is the donor cell infected by a bacteriophage?

4.  A western blot was used on the same sample to confirm, and the test was found to be 99% specific.  What does that mean?

Insertion or deletions mutations produce missense mutations

6.  Define the following: a).  Total magnification b).  Parfocal c).  BSL

22.  These are TSIA media.  What does TSIA stand for?  Describe the reactions in Tubes A, B, C, D, and E including any sugars that are fermented.        A                B                 C                     D                 E