Use the following vignette to answer questions 29 – 31. A 26 y.o woman is visiting your office with complaints of back pain and headaches. These symptoms have affected her for several months and have worsened significantly. She has been taking various over-the-counter analgesics with some relief of the back pain but not of the headache. The patient also reports that more recently, she is experiencing some episodes of dyspnea.  During the office visit her pressure is 148/102 mmHg, and two subsequent measurements do not diverge significantly from these numbers. Her body Temperature is 100.2°F, HR is 78 bpm, with RR 24 breaths per minute, labored, and shallow at times. At the physical examination, heart sounds are normal and lung fields are clear although the tympanic sound at the lung bases is lost in both posterior quadrants. The abdomen appears to be slightly distended, and abdominal palpation reveals a liver border protruding below the rib cage, and the presence of bilateral masses in the right and left lower quadrants. Assessment of occult blood in the feces is negative. 29. Which of the following diagnosis is most consistent with this clinical presentation?

Another term for self-concept is

1. Which of the following is a common cause of post-renal acute kidney injury?

Conformity occurs when people change their behavior

4. Which of the following types of acute kidney injury is most likely associated with a fractional excretion of Na+ (FENa) = 2.3%, BUN:Cr

39. Which of the following is true regarding the location in which these diuretics work? Thick Ascending Limb Distal Tubule Cortical Collecting Duct A. Thiazides Amiloride Furosemide B. Amiloride Thiazides Furosemide C. Furosemide Amiloride Thiazides D. Furosemide Thiazides Amiloride

Use the following patient vignette to answer questions 27 and 28. A 38-year-old woman visits her primary care provider for an annual wellness visit.  Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes.  Her only medication is metformin (1000 mg/day).  She smokes ½ pack of cigarettes a day and drinks 1 glass of wine at dinner. Family history is significant for cardiovascular disease; her mother was diabetic and died at age 65 of myocardial infarction. Vital signs are: BP, 148/98 mmHg; HR, 73 bpm; RR, 19; Temperature 98.2℉. Serum chemistries show 138 mg/dL glycemia; 175 mg/dL triglyceridemia; 210 mg/dL LDL 41 mg/dL HDL; BMI is 34. 27. Which of the following lifestyle modifications is most likely to lower blood pressure in this patient?

A 41-year-old man is brought to the emergency department for confusion, headache,  and vomiting over the last 14 hours. The headache has become progressively worse over time and has been unmanageable by the most common analgesics. At admittance, patient appears disoriented and uncooperative. Vital signs are: temperature, 96.6℉; HR, 100 bpm; RR, 22 bpm; and BP, 220/120 mm Hg.  Examination is otherwise unremarkable. 24. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

6. A 32-year-old woman is being evaluated for possible acute kidney injury, and a urinalysis is ordered.  The presence of which of the following specimens in this patient’s urine would support a diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis?

19. Which of the following patient presentations is most consistent with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury?