The type of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in which the pulmonary veins join together behind the heart and then typically drain downwards connecting to the liver’s portal system  is:

Transcutaneous PtCO2 and PtO2 provide a rough approximation of PaCO2 and PaO2.

Management of hyperbilirubinemia is often more complex in the term and late preterm infant. 

Muscle paralyics are appropriate to utilize when it is desireable to perserve the patient’s own respiratory efforts. 

75% of bilirubin production is contibuted by non-hemoglobin heme contained in the liver. 

Infants with acyanotic heart disease may be asymptomatic immediately after birth. 

Different hemodynamic patterns are seen preterm infants when compared to term infants with primary pulmonary disease or following neonatal ashypxia. 

Phototherapy should not be interrupted with the mother is visiting baby. 

A 15-20 second period of time without respiration with a decrease in HR and desaturation is classified as a Apnea. 

Decreased venous return is a common complication of CPAP.