African Americans make up roughly 13 percent of the entire U.S. population, but make almost 40 percent of the U.S. prison population.​

​Every offender assigned to correction is unique; no two offenders are exactly alike.

​Violence, rape, and health problems are direct and immediate consequences of:

Because inmates are not allowed to carry any currency, the primary method of exchange in prison is:​

According to the authors, a majority of correctional officers are:​

The relationship between prison crowding and violence is:​

​Programs that deal with mentally handicapped offenders have recently focused on:

A range of punishments are given to inmates for disciplinary reasons when they are unruly. One such punishment is:​

Characteristics of inmate populations of many prisons began to change in the:​

​Which of the following pressures are not experienced by the local jail?