Question 1 What is the explanatory variable?

Why might increased soil fertility result in lower species diversity?

Alleopathy and facilitation are two non-competition processes that shape plant communities. Describe each of these processes (0.5pts) and give an example of each (0.5pts).

Which of the following is a major category of secondary chemicals in plants?

What is the latitudinal richness gradient? (0.5pts) Give two hypotheses that may explain the processes behind this pattern (0.5pts each; 1pt total).

Which statistical test should you use for each example given below?

The highest recorded temperature during the month of July for a given year in Death Valley has an approximately normal distribution with a mean of 123.8 F and standard deviation of 3.1 F. What Z-score would you use to find the probability for a given year that the temperature never exceeds 120 F in a given July in Death Valley?

Short Answer Set 1: SA 1. Ion channels are typically gated. Define ‘gating’ in this context and identify the three different stimuli that function to gate ion channels. SA 2. There are many regulatory steps involved in converting the information stored in genomic DNA to an active protein. Identify one post-transcriptional and one post-translational regulatory mechanism present in eukaryotic cells. SA 3. Identify the three transport mechanisms used for the intracellular trafficking of proteins that contain a sorting signal. Provide an example of an organelle that acquires its protein through each of these mechanisms. SA 4. A ribosome is described as having an A-, a P-, and an E-site. Identify the specific tRNA that occupies each of these sites during translation. SA 5. Identify two roles for SNARE proteins in vesicular trafficking. SA 6. Identify the direction of potassium ion movement by the potassium leak channels.  Is this an active or a passive process? What is the driving force for this movement? In which membrane is this channel found?

Questions 76 to 91 relate to material covered in BIO8053 (Comprehensive Study of Animals)

An analysis of variance yielded the following results.  Using the information provided, provide values for the rest of the table (a-d). (0.3pts each)   Given the F-ratio, do you think that you would reject the null hypothesis? (0.3pts)