The problem of disproportionality is    if the problem is not racist people but disadvantageous rules and practices.​

In ____________, the Supreme Court ruled that offenders cannot be sentenced to death for acts committed prior to reaching the age of 18.​

In most Western democracies the death penalty has been:​

​The central problem with the mental health model of criminality is that we:

According to Sykes, the greater the degree of solidarity among inmates within the inmate social system, the:​

Disparity of income by racial groups is no longer a basic characteristic of U.S. society.​

​By far the most successful alternative approach to bail is being released on one’s own recognizance.

​Almost 60 percent of America’s jails               prisoners for at least some of the medical care they receive.

Female correctional officers only work with female inmates.​

Inmates who are “doing time” see prison as a long-term stay and continue their criminality while incarcerated.​