A nursing instructor is discussing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF – diastolic) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF – systolic) with a group of nursing students. One student asks about the differences in recommended pharmacological treatment between the two types of heart failure. What would be the most accurate response by the instructor?

A patient with infective endocarditis reports sudden shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. Upon assessment, the nurse notes an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air and diminished breath sounds in the lower right lung. Which complication should the nurse suspect?

You are a nurse working in a pediatric cardiac unit. A 1-year old patient with Tetralogy of Fallot has been admitted. During a routine feeding, the baby suddenly becomes visibly distressed, with increased cyanosis, crying, and a rapid rate breathing. The parents are concerned and anxious. The healthcare provider has been notified. Select the appropriate nursing interventions for managing this situation: Select all that apply

A patient who has a background of heart failure has been hospitalized due to indications and manifestations of decompensation. Choose all the signs and symptoms typically associated with decompensated heart failure:

A patient with decompensated heart failure is being considered for the placement of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). The nurse understands the purpose of an IABP is primarily to:

The nurse is caring for a 68-year-old client who is admitted to the medical unit from an outpatient clinic. The patient receives the following order: Dobutamine 5mcg/kg/min. What rate would the nurse set the pump at in mL/hr (Round to nearest tenth) Type only the numerical value, not ml/hr 

The nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored with a central venous pressure (CVP) catheter. The nurse records the patient’s CVP as 8 mm Hg. The nurse understands that this finding indicates the patient is experiencing which of the following?

A 60-year-old patient presents to the cardiology clinic with complaints of chest pain, dizziness, fainting and shortness of breath. The client is diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis and the physician initiates a plan of care. Which of the following medications should the nurse question before administering to this client?

Based on the following response while performing a square wave test, the nurse would complete which interventions? Select all that apply.  

The nurse caring for a type 1 diabetic patient who wishes to become pregnant notes that the patient’s glycohemoglobin, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c), result was 8% today and the fasting blood glucose result was 105 mg/dL. Which of the following interpretations by the nurse is correct in relation to this data?