In Baroque operas and cantatas, this emotion is associated with a descending bass line  particularly when the composition was in a minor key.

This Venetian, who was not only a skilled violinist but also an ordained priest (known as “The Red Priest” even though he wears a wig in his portrait), was the most influential composer in the creation of the Baroque concerto.

An advocate for what has come to be called “chance music,” this composer felt it was unnecessary for music to develop, climax, or be goal-oriented.  One composition consisted of amplifying and broadcasting the sounds resulting from chopping vegetables, grinding them up, and drinking the juice

In the 1930s this composer made a deliberate appeal to ordinary citizens by rejecting radical dissonance and atonality, working instead on a series of projects based on rural and Western American ideas. The resulting musical style is characterized by the use of folk songs and popular elements, tonal harmony, and a clear, luminous orchestration.

This term describes when a performer momentarily alters the tempo to enhance the expressive quality of the music.

This work typifies the fascination Romantic composers had with supernatural and macabre or dark subjects.

To maximize (and sometimes minimize) the Romantic sound, composers prescribed an extravagant range of __________.  These extremes are typical of the Romantic period, an era that indulged in wild mood swings and excesses of many kinds.

This composer was born in Germany, he spent time in Italy perfecting his compositional style, and then made his career in England, where he won fame and fortune writing Opera Seria, oratorios, and other works.

These composers are representative composers from the Renaissance.

The literal definition of this term is “same sounding”.