Generally speaking, a narrow span of management implies that the height of the organization will be ____; a wide span of management implies that the height of the organization will be ____.

Target has several layers of management in between the entry-level management position and CEO. This implies that the span of management for each manager is relatively narrow and the organizational height of Target is tall.

Q#7. The greatest weakness of Darwin’s 1859 model of evolution by means of natural selection was his inability to explain             01 why populations over‑reproduced            02 how variation was produced and maintained in natural populations            03 why animals competed with each other for resources            04 why mutations were bad            05 why adult populations remain stable in size

Gina Robinson, Inc. (GRI)GRI management has decided to reinvent the culture of the organization. Previously, the company tried to make jobs more appealing by adding more responsibilities to each job description. However, this did not work. Next, the company decided to add flextime. It believed that this would make employees more dedicated.GRI then introduced even more work options for employees. For example, management decided to group all full-time employees into teams to allow employees with different backgrounds to learn from each other. Many different kinds of teams were allowed, as long as the group members did not interact via the Internet or any other electronic means. The managers reasoned that team members must work face to face to learn from and truly engage with each other.Once these teams were formed, GRI management noticed that the quality of employees’ work was much improved. The managers also observed that people felt much more comfortable with and tolerant of each other. Refer to Gina Robinson, Inc. Previously, what technique did GRI management try in order to make jobs more appealing?

The human resource manager of one of Hershey Foods’ production facilities has been noticing an increase in absenteeism among assembly-line workers in the chocolate bar plant. Switching to a job rotation system would probably significantly decrease the amount of absenteeism.

Committees are necessary in an organization but do not offer any advantages over individual decisions and actions.

Q#6.  In his book On the Origin of Species, Darwin cited a wide range of evidence to support his assertion that evolution by means of natural selection can explain the origin of species.  During the 20th century, ____________ (a domain never known to Darwin) provided independent support for the evolutionary unity of all modern species. comparative anatomy genetics biogeography comparative embryology fossils

The amount of products or services an organization can produce in a given time is known as its capacity.

Q48. The skeleton of the Nariokotome boy (WT-15,000) is 90% complete and includes both a cranium and most of the post-cranial bones.  The cranial capacity is close to 900 cc (and would have been over 900 cc if the boy had lived to adulthood).   Although the brain is not yet as large as that of modern humans, this fossil belongs to a species with a brain much larger than the ape-sized brains of earlier hominins.  This early member of the genus Homo shows a brain size which is more than twice the size of the brain of any known Australopith.   To be scored “true” the statement must be true in its entirety.  If any part of a statement is false, then the entire answer should be scored false.  

Productivity is a measure of output per unit of time per worker.