Short Answer Set #2 SA 7. Identify the three types of cytoskeletal elements found in animal cells and provide a general function for each. SA 8. Identify the three pathways responsible for delivering material to the lysosome for degradation. SA 9. Identify three mRNA processing steps that take place prior to nuclear export. SA 10. Identify the three types of cell-surface receptors responsible for converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. SA 11. Transmembrane proteins can cross the lipid bilayer by adopting one of two types of secondary structures. Identify both of these folds.  SA 12. Phospholipids are described as ‘amphipathic’. Define amphipathic within this context. 

A scientist measures the temperature of a lake at various depths and finds very little variation between temperatures at the surface and at the bottom of the lake. The temperature measurements were most likely taken in a ________________________________.

The pedigree below shows the inheritance of a rare genetic condition. What is the genotype of individual II-2 indicated by the arrow?   As always, assume individuals marrying into the pedigree do not have the affected allele unless the pedigree holds information to the contrary, and assume complete penetrance and no de novo (i.e., new) mutations.

Identify the specific function of the enzymes of the acrosome.

Phenylketonuria shows autosomal recessive inheritance with a frequency of approximately 1 in 13, 000 births. What is the frequency of the dominant (normal) allele? p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

What is one genetically engineered trait commonly given to GE plants?

Questions 11 to 30 relate to material covered in BIO6023 (Principles of Evolutionary Biology)

Age-specific mortality is defined as the ______________________________.

All of the following are clinical signs of inflammation at the site of injury EXCEPT:

Identify one characteristic of a good model organism.