Place the following list in order from most powerful to least powerful.   1. concave surface 2. convex surface 3. tip 4. lateral surfaces

What is the average distance from the CEJ to the furcation entrance on a maxillary first molar’s distal surface?

Which of  the following would be the ideal procedure to maintain desirable instrument sharpness thoughout the debridement process?  

Which of the following provides the highest level of evidence for treatment questions? 

All of the following are recommened during air polishing to increase safety of the procedure except:

With appropriate technique, endotoxin is easily removed with ultrasonic technology. Endotoxin is firmly imbedded into cementum. 

A patient with anunshielded cardiac pacemaker requires antibiotic premedication before treatment.  Ultrasonic scaling systems are safe in patients with an unshielded cardiac pacemaker.  

Plaque control instruction (OHI) should be initiated before the oral prophylaxis is started because the:

For a sickle scaler or universal curet, the internal angle formed by the junction of the instrument face and the lateral surface is between 70o  and 80o.  For an area-specific curet, the internal angle formed by the junction of the instrument face and the lateral surface also is between 70o and 80o.

The curved left and right ultrasonic inserts are designed to: 1. adjust to convex root anatomy 2. adapt to concave root anatomy 3. adapt the back and lateral sides of the insert to the root surface 4. adapt only the lateral side of the insert to the root surface.