Vault cash is not included in the central bank’s liability category of currency because:

protons being pumped across a membrane by active transport.

A decrease in the real interest rate in the U.S. will cause net exports to:

Capital is the cushion banks have against:

Aggregate supply is the quantity of:

function primarily in regulation of liver metabolism.

electrons being passed from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step.

Questions 43-47 When a trimeric G protein is activated by a cell-surface receptor:

In its role as the bankers’ bank, the Federal Reserve performs all of the following services, except:

The principle tool the Fed uses to keep the federal funds rate close to the target is: