A patient sustained a cervical spinal cord injury in a skiing accident. They present with loss of voluntary movement in bilateral upper and lower extremities and the trunk below the level of injury. They have absent pain and temperature sensation in all extremities and the trunk. However, proprioception, light touch and vibration sense are intact throughout their body.  What type of spinal cord injury is this presentation consistent with?

A patient has been diagnosed with lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg’s syndrome) and demonstrates clinical signs of brainstem damage and cerebellar damage including ataxia. What artery is most likely affected?

A physical therapist assesses the integrity of the anterolateral pathway / spinothalamic tract. What testing procedure should be used?

Where does the electrical signal originate in a healthy heart?

What part of the brain is associated with flashbacks, or reliving of previous traumatic memories?

Which of the following actions results from parasympathetic nervous system influence?

A patient has been diagnosed with a cerebrovascular accident affecting the left posterior cerebral artery.  What visual field deficit would be expected?

What is the part of the brain commonly referred to as “Primitive brain” and why?

Match the brain region with its commonly associated functional implication in trauma- and addiction-related contexts.

Which blood vessels supply oxygenated blood directly to the heart muscle (myocardium)?