If the sun is a variable star, then the sun’s energy will drop drastically at some point in the future.  If the sun’s energy drops drastically at some point in the future, then the Earth will become a giant iceball.  Therefore, if the sun is a variable star, then the Earth will become a giant iceball. What type of argument is this?

No disobedient children are honor roll students. No honor roll students are delinquents. Therefore, some delinquents are disobedient children.      What is the mood of this argument?

Analyze each proof.  Decide if the proof is correct, or if the proof has an error. Inelegant proofs are not necessarily incorrect. 1. R ⊃ S 2. (Q ⊃ S) ⊃ ~P 3. ~P ⊃ [ (Q ⊃ R) ⊃ (L v ~S)] 4. Q ⊃ R 5. ~L/ ~R 6. Q ⊃ SHypothetical Syllogism 1, 4 7. ~PModus Ponens 2, 6 8. (Q ⊃ R) ⊃ (L v ~S)Modus Ponens, 3, 7 9. L v ~SModus Ponens 4, 8 10. ~SModus Tollens 5, 9 11. ~QDisjunctive Syllogism 6, 10 12. ~RDisjunctive Syllogism 4, 11

Analyze each proof.  Decide if the proof is correct, or if the proof has an error. Inelegant proofs are not necessarily incorrect. 1. P 2. (Q ⊃ R) ⊃ (P ⊃ Q) 3. P ⊃ (Q ⊃ R)/ R 4. Q ⊃ RModus Ponens 1, 3 5. P ⊃ QModus Ponens 2, 4 6. P ⊃ RHypothetical Syllogism 4, 5 7. RModus Ponens 1, 6

Analyze each proof.  Decide if the proof is correct, or if the proof has an error. Inelegant proofs are not necessarily incorrect. 1. ~R v (P ⊃ Q) 2. (P ⊃ Q) ⊃ (Q ⊃ ~R) 3. ~~R/ ~P 4. P ⊃ QDisjunctive Syllogism 1, 3 5. Q ⊃ ~RModus Ponens 2, 4 6. ~QModus Tollens 3, 5 7. ~PModus Tollens 4, 6

     Consider the following argument: No environmentally produced diseases are inherited afflictions. Some psychological disorders are not inherited afflictions. Therefore, some psychological disorders are environmentally produced diseases.      What is the figure of this argument?

Determine a correct contradiction to the following statements.  If Biden wins, then if Harris is vice-president then Pence is not vice-president. 

Use Venn Diagrams (on whiteboard or scratch-paper) to solve the following problems: All survivalists are people who enjoy simulated war games. No people who enjoy simulated war games are soldiers who have tasted the agony of real war. All soldiers who have tasted the agony of real war are survivalists. 26(2).PNG

Use Venn Diagrams (on whiteboard or scratch-paper) to solve the following problems: No theocracies are regimes open to change. All theocracies are governments that rule by force. Some governments that rule by force are not regimes open to change. 26(3).PNG

Identify the form of the following arguments. ~B ⊃ ~J ~J____ B