Outsourcing is an arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house.

Information systems audit reports assess a company’s information system to determine necessary changes and to help ensure the information systems’ availability, confidentiality, and integrity.

Offshore outsourcing is using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems.

A service is the capability of services to be joined together on demand to create composite services, or disassembled just as easily into their functional component.

Control objects for information and related technology (COBIT) is a set of best practices that helps an organization to maximize the benefits of an information system, while at the same time establishing appropriate controls to ensure minimum errors.

A methodology is a set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges.

Pilot implementation installs the new system in phases (for example by department) until it is verified that it works correctly.

The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is the overall process for developing information systems, from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance.

Process modeling involves graphically representing the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute information between a system and its environment.

Projects are typically dynamic in nature, and change should be expected and anticipated for successful project completion.