Scientists interested in the change in horn length associated with hunting pressure between 1973 and 1996 among male bighorn sheep in Canada examined the change in horn length during that time, as well as following the ban of hunting in 1996. The results are depicted in the figure below; blue dots reflect mean horn length and lines indicate one standard deviation: Which of the following statements best describes the pattern by which male horn length has changed?

A scientist discovers three populations of grasshoppers. The number of each color of grasshopper (green, gray, and brown) has a strong correlation with the color of the soil in each population. To determine if the correlation is due to natural selection, the scientist places a few gray grasshoppers into the population of green grasshoppers, and a few gray grasshoppers into the population of brown grasshoppers. Then the scientist records which color of grasshopper is eaten most often by birds. Which of the four ecological science approaches is the scientist applying?

Smaller bodies have a larger surface area relative to their ________ than do larger objects of the same size.

The change within an insect species to favor both short and long insects rather than intermediate size insects is an example of ____________.

A ____ is a measurable, gradual change over region in average of phenotype or trait

True or False? The sampling veil describes why certain species richness estimates can be underestimated, because species with high abundances are harder to capture in sampling efforts.

Which step of the scientific method involves forming a concrete idea that might help to explain the pattern or process that was seen in the natural world?

A(n) ___ is a population adapted to its local environment.

______ diversity is a measure of local species richness and is the average number of species within a small local sample of a region.

You have just been hired by the Swanee Parks and Recreation Department to assess retention pond water quality changes in a local park before and after a new pollinator garden is planted.  Design an experiment using your new knowledge of sampling techniques that will provide this assessment.  Demonstrate your understanding of the scientific method through your experimental design. Hint: Remember the key points of organic vs. non-organic apple experimental design laboratory and the variables tested in the freshwater ecology lab. Select either freshwater or soil quality changes: Null hypothesis: Alternate hypothesis (es): Experimental design: