A 2-month old male infant presents to the pediatrician for routine appointment. The mother notes he was born at 38 weeks 6 days gestation via uncomplicated vaginal delivery. No complications or medical problems in the interim. On physical examination, the exam is normal except noted bilateral cryptorchidism. The following complications are possible EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for breast cancer?

What action is directly responsible for muscle relaxation: 

During fetal development, which of the following is true regarding fetal circulation?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding nicotine use?

A 72-year-old male with past medical history of diastolic congestive heart failure and hypertension presents for routine follow-up. On auscultation for the cardiac physical examination, you note regular rate and rhythm with S4 heart sound. No murmurs, gallops or rubs are appreciated. What does the S4 sound likely represent?

When would induced hypothermia be indicated?

Which of the following are common early manifestations of Parkinson’s disease?

Which of the following is a systemic sign of a disease?

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for production of an abnormal third heart sound?