Atelectasis is an abnormal condition of the lungs characterized by the partial or total collapse of previously expanded alveoli, thus resulting in the prevention of respiratory exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in that part of the lung and reduced lung compliance. 

Select the most appropriate representations identified on a chest x-ray in patients with atelectasis:

Which pulmonary disorders can cause subsequent atelectasis?

The pleural space is in direct contact with the atmosphere such that gas can move freely in and out. Which type of pneumothorax does the above statement represent?

What are precipitating factors of postoperative atelectasis?

As gas accumulates in the pleural space, the chest diameter increases on the affected side in a tension pneumothorax.

The classic presentation of a pneumothorax is that of sudden crisis onset. What symptoms may the patient experience?

A thoracostomy chest tube attached to an underwater sealed is inserted into the patient’s pleural cavity to withdraw air, blood, and/or fluid.

What type of pneumothorax is caused by a medical procedure during specific diagnostic or therapeutic procedures?

Atelectasis may be limited to the smallest lung unit that is the alveolus or _________ _______, or it may involve an entire lung or segment of the lung.