A nonmotile Gram-negative bacterium lands your GI tract epithelia. It will bind to this PRR outside the cell.

Which of the following is a role of C5a?

Once tissue is damaged, which step occurs first during inflammation?

This cytokine is needed to switch antibody isotopes to IgE and needed for helper T cell differentiation.

Which of the following is an example of a secondary lymphoid tissues?

Which of the following is an example of a primary lymphoid tissues?

A patient has a defect in PhoX. Predict you would expect to see in the patient.

These immune cells play a role in allergies and parasitic infections. These cells are not phagocytes.

To start the immune process, ____________________________ must bind to macrophages on their __________________.

Phospholipids breakdown to lead to the formation of arachidonic acid. This will activate the production of these mediators in macrophages.