Natural Products (Canvas Q12, Handwritten Pages Q12ab) Background: Alkaloids are a type of compound produced by many organisms (known as a natural product). Many of these compounds are biologically active: some alkaloids can be used as stimulants, while others are highly toxic to living organisms. Question: While studying a newly discovered plant, a biochemist has managed to isolate a new alkaloid that shows promise as an antiviral drug. To characterize this new compound, the biologist wants to determine the molecular formula of this substance. Elemental analysis indicates that this compound contains only carbon (59.2%), hydrogen (6.2%), and nitrogen (34.5%). An accurate molar mass could not be measured, but the compound is estimated to have a molar mass close to 150 g/mol. What is the empirical formula of this compound? [emp] What is the molecular formula of this compound? [molec] (Enter your formula with C and H first, followed by the other elements in alphabetical order. The blanks will not allow you to enter subscripts; type them in as normal numbers. For example, water would be entered as just “H2O”. You should still be using proper subscripts on your work, though!) (Additional 10 points) On your Handwritten Pages, show all of your work for finding the empirical formula ( Q12a ) and the molecular formula ( Q12b ). Box your final answers. 

Balance the equation below by inserting the proper coefficients. Type in coefficients of 1, even though this is not necessary in writing – Canvas will treat an empty blank as incorrect. (a) Al2O3 (s) + (b) K (s)

Complete the following table. Include state symbols when necessary. (You may need to look at the reference sheet for certain polyatomic ions!) (Additional 7 points for the handwritten formulas) Systematic Name Ionic, Molecular, or Acid? Formula [n1] [c1] HCl (g) diboron hexafluoride [c2] ( Q11a ) [n3] [c3] FeBr2 calcium bicarbonate [c4] ( Q11b ) [n5] [c5] P2O chlorous acid [c6] ( Q11c ) [n7] [c7] K2S2O3

What is the mass, in grams, of 0.173 g O2?

What are two different trade names of nickel alloys?

What is the smallest piece of an ionic compound that retains all of the properties of the compound called? [ionic] What is the smallest piece of a molecular compound that retains all of the properties of the compound called? [molecular]

zinc pyrophosphate: Zn2P2O7 Formula for pyrophosphate:

Unknown Ions (Canvas Q19~20) The compounds in Questions 19 and 20 contain a polyatomic ion that is not on the list you were required to memorize, or on the polyatomic ion table in your reference packet. Determine the formula (including charge) of this new ion. Use proper superscript/subscript formatting with the buttons shown. To insert a superscript, click on the “T2” icon in the formatting buttons. To insert a superscript, first click on the v next to T2, then click on “T2”. Alternatively, click on “Format” and locate the buttons there.

Natural Products (Canvas Q12, Handwritten Pages Q12ab) Background: Polyketides are a type of compound produced by many organisms (known as a natural product). Many of these compounds are biologically active: some polyketides can be used as antibiotics, while others are highly toxic to living organisms. Question: While studying a newly discovered plant, a biochemist has managed to isolate a new polyketide that shows promise as an antiviral drug. To characterize this new compound, the biologist wants to determine the molecular formula of this substance. Elemental analysis indicates that this compound contains only carbon (52.6%), hydrogen (5.3%), and oxygen (42.1%). An accurate molar mass could not be measured, but the compound is estimated to have a molar mass close to 200 g/mol. What is the empirical formula of this compound? [emp] What is the molecular formula of this compound? [molec] (Enter your formula with C and H first, followed by the other elements in alphabetical order. The blanks will not allow you to enter subscripts; type them in as normal numbers. For example, water would be entered as just “H2O”. You should still be using proper subscripts on your work, though!) (Additional 10 points) On your Handwritten Pages, show all of your work for finding the empirical formula ( Q12a ) and the molecular formula ( Q12b ). Box your final answers. 

What is “lamellar tearing”?