After Muhammad’s death, the newly created position of caliph

The execution of Christians who refused to worship Roman gods led is called

The increase in the political power of the plebeians in the 4th century BCE led to

After the Ostrogoths conquered the Italian peninsula on the orders of the Byzantine emperor, they

As the Roman empire grew, the Romans

The rise of Constantinople as the most important city in the east

Unlike other societies of the time, Japan’s urban and rural areas were tied together by

Pope Leo III’s decision to proclaim Charlemagne _________ forged a lasting bond between the papacy and the secular rulers of Latin Christendom.

The first known author in history is

One characteristic element of Olmec ceremonial sites is the presence of