5. A state government enacts a law imposing a 20-foot “bu…
5. A state government enacts a law imposing a 20-foot “buffer zone” around the entrance to all clinics where abortions are performed – making it illegal for anyone to enter this zone during the clinics’ business hours unless they are a patient using the clinic’s service, an employee who works at the clinic, or an official visitor there to transact business with the clinic (for example, by selling or delivering supplies). A person who wishes to protest against abortions – and verbally urge patients entering the clinic to refrain from having an abortion – challenges this state law, claiming it violates their First Amendment right to engage in these expressive activities closer to the clinic’s entrance. If a court evaluates this First Amendment challenge under the case law we have read in this class, which of the following tests will it use to evaluate the constitutionality of the state’s buffer zone requirement?
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