Pain intensity is most likely communicated to the CNS by

Here is an example of an action and some other relevant information. As Sam is driving to Walmart one afternoon, she passes a turtle that is slowly crossing the road. Sam—who avoided hitting the turtle—pulls over, walks back to where the turtle is in the middle of the road, picks it up, carries it off the road, and puts it in the grass. While she was doing this, these were some of her mental states: the desire that the turtle not get hit by a car and the belief that she could get the turtle out of the road. How would (a) determinism, (b) the version of libertarianism discussed in section 3.1, and (c) compatibilism explain this action? According to each theory, could the action have been done differently? Explain. According to each theory, is Sam morally responsible for her action? Explain. With which theory do you most agree? Explain. In your essay, explain each theory and how they differ from each other. Also be sure to include an explanation of voluntary and involuntary actions.

Mechanoreceptive ion channels generally are non-specific cation channels. As such, when they are activated they generally

Lateral inhibition is typically observed

Why are auditory receptor cells called “hair cells”?

Generator or receptor potentials in somatosensory nerve endings can be produced by opening of

Directionally-sensitive neurons are found in the

Simple cells of striate cortex were thought to arise from

An ocular dominance column is

Visual information from the right visual field is processed in which part of the lateral geniculate nucleus?