Explain the following terms and protocols: Functionality of SMTP and how it is different from mail access protocols like POP and IMAP?

Persistent HTTP operates faster than non-persistent HTTP.

Which of the following delays doesn’t depend on the direction of data transfer?

Explain the following terms and protocols: Motivation of using Network Address Translation:

The ISP’s block of addresses 124.143.96.0/21 can provide 16 subnets, each with /24 subnet mask.

Explain the following terms and protocols: TCP fast retransmit:

Flow control manages data traffic load in network edge; but congestion control mitigates sever data traffic load in network core.

Utilization of Link-state algorithm for the purpose of routing may cause the oscillation problem in which data flow loops through a cycle of routers with an alternating sequence of clock-wise and counter-clock-wise directions.

Server in client-server architecture of network applications can have dynamic IP.

Explain the following terms and protocols: Functionality of DHCP protocol: