The structure below is D-ala-D-ala dipeptide. What is its function?

Which of the following is NOT an example of antibiotic target modification?  

Polyenes (amphotericin & nystatin) bind to membrane sterols and form pores that kill fungal cells. Which class of antibiotics has a similar mechanism of action? 

The structure below is D-ala-D-ala dipeptide. What is its function?

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors bind to the reverse transcriptase catalytic site.

What is the MOA of cycloserine? Check all that apply

Polyenes (amphotericin & nystatin) bind to membrane sterols and form pores that kill fungal cells. Which class of antibiotics has a similar mechanism of action? 

Atovaquone acts on the cytochrome bc1 complex and inhibits the electron transport chain. 

In a recent study, scientists at Northwestern University found that triclosan, a common antibacterial compound, upregulates bacterial efflux pumps. Why is this a concerning problem?

Which of the following is/are a mechanism(s) of resistance against polyenes? Check all that apply