Answer ONE of the following two questions and indicate whether you answered A or B.  (If you answer both, I will grade the first only). A. What might be an advantage of being evergreen in interior Alaska under an increasingly warm climate? How could you test this? B. What is the difference between freeze-avoidance and freeze-tolerance strategies? Lowbush cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea, first image) is a short understory plant covered by snow in winter. Which would you expect lowbush cranberry to have? Why? Prickly rose (Rosa acicularis, second image) is tall enough to be above the snow for at least part of the winter. Which would you expect prickly rose  to have? Why?

Based on what you know about the light-dependent reactions (and ignoring the carbon fixation half of the equation), what resource(s) limit the rate at which plants can photosynthesize? Under what kinds of conditions would you expect plants to photosynthesize the fastest?

What type of photosynthesis takes place in the leaf shown in the previous question?

Look at these cross-sections of a leaf (both images are of the same species). The dark spots in the second image indicate the presence of starch. Is this a monocot or a eudicot? Explain how you know this based on structures visible in the images. 

A healthy 11-year-old girl accompanied by her mother presents for a routine adolescent visit. She denies any past or current sexual activity. What is the most appropriate recommendation regarding the HPV vaccine?

How do you feel about the risks refugees take to find safety? Answer in at least 100 words. 

What recognition did Doaa later receive in Greece for her bravery?

Who was Doaa, and why did she and her family leave Syria?

A roller coaster cart moves along a track with hills and valleys. Energy is transferred between potential energy and kinetic energy. Below is a diagram of the roller coaster track with labeled positions A, B, C, D, and E. Click on the position where the roller coaster cart will have the highest kinetic energy.

A roller coaster cart moves along a track with hills and valleys. Energy is transferred between potential energy and kinetic energy. Below is a diagram of the roller coaster track with labeled positions A, B, C, D, and E. Click on the position where the roller coaster cart will have the highest potential energy.