Granite and basalt are two different igneous rocks. Granite is felsic, and basalt is mafic. The two kinds of rock contain different minerals. Why? For extra credit: what minerals are found in all granites, and what minerals are found in all basalts?

You are preparing a guest lecture on how Scientific Management principles show up in modern organizations—sometimes in obvious ways, sometimes subtly. You’ve assembled four examples across industries. Match each company/industry with how it applies Taylor’s ideas:

You are the VP of Patient Experience at a large hospital system. Your 30-day readmission rate is 22%—well above the 15% national benchmark—and CMS penalties are reducing reimbursement. You decide to use an Evidence-Based Management approach rather than relying on intuition or past practice. Below are four key steps in this process. Rank them in the correct order from FIRST (1) to LAST (4):

You are the COO of a fast-growing digital marketing agency. To manage unpredictable client demand without over committing to fixed payroll costs, you have restructured the workforce: a core team of 25 full-time strategists and account managers handles client relationships and long-term planning; a rotating roster of freelance designers, copywriters, and data analysts is brought in for specific campaigns; and a pool of part-time social media coordinators fills seasonal surges during product launch cycles. Which of the following are key benefits of adopting this workforce structure? (Select all that apply)

Which organizational structure—multidivisional (organized by product, geography, or customer type) or functional (organized by domain expertise)—is more effective in facilitating performance-based compensation for the CEO’s immediate subordinates? Provide a clear rationale for your answer.

A technique referred to as a __________ is a mapping achieved by performing some sort of permutation on the plaintext letters.

Unlike ordinary addition, there is not an additive inverse to each integer in modular arithmetic. 


Administrative and political distances, such as the presence or absence of colonial ties, are part of the cost-responsiveness framework.

[10 points] What is a prime number?

An active attack attempts to alter system resources or affect their operation.