Red bone marrow is the site of maturation for these cells:

CO2 and pH are the most potent stimuli for the respiratory center.

What process takes place across the respiratory membrane?

What is the role of the surfactant?

Diffusion of gases is directly proportional to their concentration gradients.

Pulmonary ventilation is best defined as:

This is the sum of the tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume.

Air moves out of the lungs when:

When blood pH falls (i.e., the blood becomes pore acidic), a negative feedback loop is triggered that increases the rate and depth of ventilation to remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

This is a major mediator of inflammatory responses and causes vasodilation: