If vancomycin is used for more than 3 days, the patient should be monitored for toxicity by obtaining a blood sample drawn within 30 minutes of the next dose. This measurement is called:

In general, which antibiotic would be the best choice to use to treat an infection caused by a Gram-Negative organism?

Postmarketing reports from the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warn of tendinitis and rupture of the Achilles tendon associated with ____________________ use in the general population, and the risk is greater in patients older than 60 years, those on concomitant steroid therapy, and transplant recipients.

In which of the following climates (BWk, Cfa, Af, Dwd, Cwb, ET) would you encounter the smallest annual temperature range?

Identify the location (A-F) where you would be MOST likely to encounter broadleaf evergreen trees.

Identify the number (1 – 4) that would result in the formation of igneous rocks? (0.5 point)

An HIV-positive patient began to show signs of meningitis. A spinal fluid was collected and cultured for bacteria and fungus. A budding, encapsulated yeast was recovered. Which organism is consistent with this information?

The colony count for the organism identified in question number 25 should be reported as:

The CSF culture from a 92 year-old woman grows Gram positive bacilli with a very narrow zone of beta hemolysis on BAP. Further testing demonstrates the organism is catalase positive and bile esculin positive. Which of the following are considered virulence factors for this pathogen? 1) the ability to grow at cold temperatures (4 Degrees Celsius) 2) production of protein P60 which increases the organism’s ability to penetrate mammalian cells 3) production of emetic toxin 4) the ability of the organism to live inside phagocytes

In which of the following biomes would you be LEAST LIKELY to encounter a clearly identifiable riparian zone (the zone would be clearly differentiated from the surrounding ecosystems)?