Jihad is an Arabic word which literally means “holy war.”

Subtract -[x] from [y]

Which type of punishment includes the idea that punishment is what the lawbreaker deserves?

Jeremy crashes his friend John’s car because he is an incompetent driver. Emily, John’s sister, is outraged and wants John to sue his friend. John refuses to file a case against his long-time friend. Which of the following is Emily allowed to do in this situation?

A crime that is committed using computers, e-mail, the Internet, or other electronic means is commonly referred to as ________.

The act of people interested in the lawsuit joining as parties to an existing lawsuit is called arbitration.

Answer any four (4) of the following questions in about 10 – 12 complete, concise, and thoughtful sentences (about 2 paragraphs). Use relevant terminology and examples. Please identify the questions you are answering with the appropriate letter (10 points each, 40 points total). A. Make a case, for or against euthanasia, using both a Deontological and Utilitarian approach. B. Are attempts to delineate when an unborn life becomes human helpful in resolving the moral problem of abortion? Why?C.  Does the argument for capital punishment based on deterrence work? Explain.D. Define “legal punishment.” Briefly discuss the various approaches to punishment (e.g., deterrence, prevention, retribution, rehabilitation).E. Discuss the various types or approaches to justice (e.g., compensatory, retributive, procedural, and distributive justice).F. Argue for or against the use of the death penalty using both deontological and utilitarian approaches.G. What is speciesism? According to singer, how does it parallel racism and sexism?H. What are the major differences between human beings and all other animals? Do animals have rights? Are these morally significant differences? I. Briefly outline the main points of the Just War Theory.J. In regard to war and violence, contrast Realism with Pacifism.K. Argue for or against the use of war using both deontological and utilitarian approaches.L. Discuss the scientific and moral concerns about animal testing and research.M. Using both utilitarian and deontological theories of ethics argue either for or against abortion

Definitions (3 points each, 30 points total): Use complete sentences, identify what field of knowledge the term belongs to and/or who coined or used the term, and use examples where appropriate. Using numbers from 1 – 10, define any 10 of the following terms: 1.   Deontological ethics              12.  Medical ethics2.   Utilitarianism                          13.  Hippocratic Oath3.   Deterrence                              14.  Roe v. Wade4.   Retribution                              15.  Spontaneous abortion 5.   Human rights                          16.  Speciesism6.   Terrorism                                 17.  Viability7.   Pacifism                                   18.  Draize test8.   Noncombatants                      19.  Sentience9.   Jihad                                        20.  3 Rs10. Passive euthanasia                 21.  Moral agents11.  Principle of double effect     22. Right

A(n) ________ is a document for a person’s detainment that is based on a showing of probable cause that the person committed a crime.

________ is a doctrine that raises a presumption of negligence and switches the burden to the defendant to prove that he or she was not negligent.