Which of the following best defines the term Arthrokinematics?

The close-pack position of the hip is

Your patient is performing a diagonal sit up exercise with trunk rotation to the left.  What are the primary muscles that work in synergy needed to perform this motion?

You assess the flexion motion of the tibiofemoral joint in prone with hip at 15 degrees of extension and note end feel as “Firm-Muscular” while patient indicates stretch in anterior mid-thigh.  This is ____________ for the tibiofemoral joint.

Which statement best describes the action of the piriformis.

Which of the following four statements are true statements regarding adductors and rotators of the femoral-acetabular joint.

Scenario: While assessing your patient for knee pain you have him do some partial knee bends, which involves femur-on-tibial (closed chain) movement. While rising from the squatted position the menisci are moving anteriorly due to the pull from the:

III. Answer one of the following questions. Pick 1 hypothetical/problem and answer all 5 questions for the chosen hypothetical/problem. Each question is worth 5 Points.   1. A brutal civil war started in Syria in 2011 which lasted for years. Thousands of civilians died as a result of assaults and bombardments. Thousands of refugees fled to Europe, Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. The UN was unable to take action to end the civil war in Syria. The situation raised the following questions. a. On what legal grounds could the UN undertake humanitarian intervention under the UN Charter and the subsequent report of the Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty? b. Was the UN Security Council required to authorize such an intervention? c. How must the members of the UN Security Council have voted if a resolution calling for humanitarian intervention had to be successfully passed by it? d. What legal argument did Syria make based on UN Charter provisions to block such an intervention by the international community? e. Can the President of Syria be held accountable by the International Criminal Court and on what grounds?   2. An explosion in a factory in North Korea, manufacturing chemicals results in a spillage of thousands of tons of toxic chemicals into a river. The river flows into South Korea, as a result the toxic waste is carried by the river waters into South Korea. South Korean farmers complain that the toxic chemicals pose a health risk to humans and livestock and have contaminated their farmlands. This situation raises the following questions: a. Can South Korea hold North Korea responsible for the accident? b. On what grounds can South Korea hold North Korea liable for what has occurred? c. Can North Korea argue that since it was an accident, it has no liability in this case according to its internal laws?                            d. If South Korea is not satisfied with North Korea’s response where can it sue for damages?   e. If North Korea was to lose the case, what would it be its responsibilities in this matter?

Fraudulent or AI generated work is not permitted in Mrs. Carter’s class. If such work is found, Mrs. Carter will penalize the assignment and will, at her discretion, turn the student in for violating the academic integrity policy. 

II. Answer two of the following questions. The cases have to be presented using the case method: Facts, Legal Question, Judicial Reasoning, Ruling and Opinion. Each question is worth 10 points.     1. a. What are the historical modes of acquiring territory? Identify these modes of acquiring territory. Explanation is not required. 3 Points. b. Explain either the ruling of the PCIJ  in the status of Eastern Greenland Case (Denmark v Norway 1933) involving occupation or the ruling of ICJ in the Case of Temple of Preah Vihear (Cambodia  v. Thailand 1962)  involving prescription as the mode of acquiring territory? 7 Points.   2. Article 39 of the UN Charter states that “the Security Council will decide what measures shall be taken in accordance with Articles 41 and 42, to maintain and restore the peace.” a. What action is the UN Security Council authorized to take under Article 41 and Article 42 of the UN Charter?  2 Points. b. What does Article 2.7 state about what the UN Security Council can or cannot do when a situation emerges in a country that may require the UN to act? 2 Points. c. Under Article 51 states can assert the right of self defense and collective self defense. Discuss Nicaragua v United States (1986),a case in which the ICJ ruled on Article 51. 6 Points.   Environmental and Human Rights are being increasingly seen as connected by courts as seen in the Case of the Indigenous Communities of Lhaka Honhat (Our Land) Association v Argentina. Explain the ruling of the Inter American Court of Human Rights in this case. 10 Points   The IMF, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization have faced a lot of criticism lately. What are the purposes of these organizations and what criticisms have these organizations faced recently?   a. What is Transboundary Environmental Interference? 2 Points.  b. Discuss how this issue was at the center of either the Trail Smelters Arbitration(1938) or Argentina v Uruguay (2006)? 8 Points.