Translating sentences: conclusion To conclude your work on this chapter, proceed to the next assignment to submit a practice translations of this passage, “Catullus bids his girlfriend farewell”!

Fill in the blank in the following sentences with the appropriate reflexive pronoun: [Nos] servābimus. Tuae sorōrēs [se] servābunt. [vobis] dōna dare dēbētis. Dē perīculō magnō exitiī [me] monueram. Multa bona verba dē [te] dīcēbās. Poēta [sibi] multās litterās mittēbat.

The Reflexive possessive adjective We have already seen possessive adjectives like meus, -a, -um, tuus, -a, -um, and noster, nostra, nostrum. We have also seen that third person possession works slightly differently, often opting for the genitive forms of is, ea, id (eius, eōrum-eārum-eōrum). Watch this video to learn about the reflexive possessive adjective suus, -a, -um, and how this distinguishes possession within the sentence.

Match the following Latin phrases with their translation in English:

Bonus question, worth up to 1 point on quiz.   Describe Ameleogenesis:

Which of the following 1st conjugation verbs are transitive? In other words, can you form a coherent sentence using all or most of the verbs offered as an English translation and a direct object (try “his father” or “me”, e.g. “he praises his father”, “they warn me”). If so, the verb is probably transitive; if not, it is probably intransitive!

What is the form of dēbeō in the passage?

Using vocabulary entries When we read Latin, it’s very important to use all the tools we have at our disposal. Vocabulary lists and entries are very important in this regard, but we have to know how to use them. In Wheelock’s Latin, vocabulary entries for verbs typically contain: first, the principal parts of the verb; next, the translation of the verb into English; and finally, in parentheses, a list of cognate words in English that help us remember the words with English words that are derived from Latin. In the instance of vocō, vocāre, the English translation “call, summon” is offered. These words are separated by a comma, which indicates that these are both roughly equivalent translations. We could translate this sentence: “Maecenas and Vergil are summoning me today” or “Maecenas and Vergil are calling me today”, and both would be correct. Note that in this translation, since we have named subjects, we don’t need a pronoun: “Maecenas and Vergil *they are summoning me today” would be incorrect! Some verbs, however, have translations separated by semi-colons, like dēbeō, dēbēre: “to owe; ought, must”. This verb appears in the next sentence, so let’s keep reading to see how we translate this verb!

We also need to understand what this verb means in English. Look at the vocabulary entry for vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātum. What English verbs are suggested as the translation for this verb? Select all correct answers!

In umbrā, igitur, pugnābimus! How would you characterize the Spartan’s response in this line?