12. A white spot lesion is classified as which type of lesion?

What was your favorite lab this quarter?

Tell something you learned about CRISPR.

Lab Question:  If there are high levels of glucose and low levels of lactose, the lac operon is ______ and mRNA is ______________________. 

Explain what causes antigenic shift and antigenic drift with influenza viruses and how this relates to the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine.

Lab Question: In the “Bacterial Identification” lab,  you isolated and amplified a DNA sample using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).  Briefly describe what happens during the steps of a PCR cycle: Denature (melt) 96C –  Anneal 50C –  Extend 60C – 

The base sequence in the template strand of a DNA molecule is 3′ T-G-T-A-C-A-G-A-C-C-A 5’.  Which of the following represents the correct base sequence for a newly synthesized complementary strand of DNA?

In animal viruses, a viral envelope is acquired during which step?

Lab Question: If lactose is available and there is NO glucose, the lac operon is ______ and mRNA is _________________.

Tell one way that recombinant molecules can be introduced into eukaryotic cells (transfection).