A patient is complaining of having trouble breathing. Which of the following would cause turbulent flow of air through this patient’s airways?   I. Bronchoconstriction II. Retained secretions III. Bronchodilation IV. Airway inflammation

The Midterm Exam will cover all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following are the accessory muscles of inspiration used when in respiratory distress?   I. Transversus abdominus II. Pectoralis major III. Scalene IV. Trapezius

Due to chronic use of the accessory muscles of inspiration by COPD patients. Those muscle are in a state of:

A patient arrived to the hospital after a motor vehicle crash (MVC) with multiple broken ribs. The ribs puncturing through the pleural space can immediately cause:   I. Empyema II. Hemothorax III. Pneumothorax IV. Pleural effusion

What is the treatment for pleural effusion that is usually due to pneumonia?  

Which of the following accessory muscles of expiration helps with sneezing, coughing and forced expiration to decrease air trapping for COPD patients?   I. Rectus abdominus II. Trapezius III. External oblique IV. Latissimus Dorsi

The landmark on the sternum that approximates the carina is:

Which of the following are the accessory  muscles of inspiration when the main muscles of breathing are fatigue?   I. Sternocleidomastoid II. Pectoralis minor III. Latissimus dorsi IV. Scalene  

A postmenopausal client, who is a current smoker and has HTN, asks the nurse what she can do to prevent fracturing her hips, as her mother and grandmother both experienced this health problem. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?