What event triggers the transition from a red giant stage to the next stage in a star’s evolution?

Short Answer Questions Answer the following five short-answer questions in complete sentences. 

A Type II Supernova can produce a black hole.

Star A is spectral class A5 and star B is spectral class B5. They have the same apparent brightness. They are both main sequence stars. Which star is farther away?

Given the formula m – M = 5logd – 5 what is the distance to a star with an m of 5 and an M of -5? (d is in parsecs)

Inside the Earth it is very hot. This heat ultimately comes from

Star A and star B appear to be the same brightness, even though star A is four times farther away than star B. How many times more luminous is star A than star B?

Which of the following apparent magnitudes is the brightest?

The image below shows a light curve from a variable star. Use the graph to answer the following questions. The x-axis is the time in days. What is the period of this star’s pulsation?  Based on the period, confirm (or not) that this is a Cepheid variable?           Where would you find this variable star on an HR diagram? iv) When will the next maximum occur? 

Short Answer Questions Answer the following five short-answer questions in complete sentences.