Original Jurisdiction refers to the authority to hear or act on a case from its beginning to its conclusion.

Texas is in the geographic boundaries of the United States 5th Circuit Court of Appeals.

The solicitor general:

Legislative intent:

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt:

The Dred Scott v. Sanford case ruled that slaves were not citizens of the United States and could not get protection from the federal government or the courts.

The Constitution requires that all criminal defendants be indicted by a grand jury before being prosecuted for a felony.

Judicial Activism is a court practice that disregards precedent in an attempt to achieve some public good that the other branches may not have addressed.

The In re Gault decision:

The Morrill Act was instrumental in the removal of Indian tribes to the west of the Mississippi River.