The concept behind rational choice theory is that crime is a function of  a decision making process in which the potential offender weighs the potential costs and benefits of an illegal act.

The concept of situational crime prevention suggests that desperate people may contemplate crime, but only the truly ____ will attack a well-defended, inaccessible target and risk strict punishment.

_____reflects the view that criminality is a product of abnormal biological or psychological traits.

Rational choice theory has roots in the positivist school of criminology.

Cultural deviance theory combines elements of ___ and social disorganization theories.

The rationale for using “three strikes” sentencing policies relies on:

Sociologist Oscar Lewis argues that the crushing lifestyle of lower-class areas produces ____that is passed on from one generation to the next.

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, the ___ develops as a result of incorporating within the personality the moral standards and values of parents, community, and significant others.

While the debate is ongoing, the link between PMS and crime is considered_____

Locking gates, and putting unbreakable glass on storefronts are examples of crime discouragers.