People living in four villages in Sub-Saharan Africa with fo…
People living in four villages in Sub-Saharan Africa with four different sources of water were invited to take part in a research study involving identifying cholera carriers. Several deaths occurred in these villages and therefore, all the residents underwent an examination. The proportion of cholera carriers in each village was calculated and compared. What study design is this?
Read DetailsPlease match the definition to the term: ______ 1. Bias…
Please match the definition to the term: ______ 1. Bias A. The probability that the observed result is due to “chance,” an uncontrollable force that seems to have no assignable cause ______ 2. Confounding B. A systematic error in the design or conduct of a study that leads to an erroneous association between the exposure and disease ______ 3. Random Error C. The mixing of effects between the exposure, the disease, and a third variable- distorts the relationship between exposure and disease
Read DetailsQuestions 10 and 11. A study was done to determine whether t…
Questions 10 and 11. A study was done to determine whether the amount of money spent on soft drinks was related to mortality from diabetes. The investigators collected data on per capita (average per person) soft drink consumption in ten US states and examined its relationship to mortality rates from diabetes in those ten states. In order to calculate per capita sales they gathered annual data on soft drink sales from commerce records and then divided these figures by the state’s population from the most recent census. The mortality data were gathered from the vital records department in each state. Here are the data that they collected. US State Annual per Capita Soft Drink Sales Annual Diabetes Mortality Rate (per 100,000 population) Massachusetts $150 207 New York $300 353 Florida $500 688 Alabama $700 801 Alaska $50 75 California $500 605 Nevada $200 310 Idaho $250 325 Ohio $400 454 Arkansas $350 405 Based on these findings, the investigators concluded that there was an association between consumption of soft drinks and mortality from diabetes. Unfortunately, the investigators had never taken an epidemiology course and did not acknowledge any limitations of their study. Select from below one limitation of the study.
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