_____ corruption refers to the utilitarian concept that the “end” of crime fighting justifies “means” that might otherwise be illegal, unethical, or against rules or regulations.

A(n) _____ whistleblower reports misconduct to another person within their organization, such as a supervisor or union representative, who may in turn take corrective action.

Which of the following is NOT a type of abuse of authority discussed in the text? 

Which of the following statements about police use of force is FALSE?

In _____, the Supreme Court ruled that an officer has a right to use deadly force only if they have probable cause to believe that the suspect posed a threat of serious physical harm, either to the officer or to others.

A typical phase II study will involve how many patients?

Improving screening, education and training, integrity testing, early warning or audit systems, and body cameras are all potential responses to police corruption at the _____ level. 

The question of “What ought I to do?”, is central in _____ and _____.

While on patrol, Officer Jones stops a car for speeding and running a red light. You observe the interaction between Officer Jones and the driver. Officer Jones allows the driver to leave with a warning. When you ask why he gave the driver a break, Officer Jones tells you that the driver turned out to be a fellow police officer. Letting the driver go because he was a fellow police officer, is an example of _____.

Ethical _____ are situations in which it is difficult for an individual to decide what to do, either because the right course of action is unclear or it carries some negative consequences.