According to Mintzberg, as a monitor, a manager provides direction and instills enthusiasm.

___ managers use their special technical expertise to support the efforts of ___ managers.

The middle managers of an organization

Intellectual capital is a personal asset for individuals.

Since employment patterns are changing dramatically, people should maintain a “portfolio of skills” to increase their flexibility and job opportunities.

Providing useful ___ and/or ___ is a broad purpose that all organizations share.

A manager who emphasizes meeting production targets even if there is a cost overrun is more interested in performance efficiency than in performance effectiveness.

The open systems model focuses on the internal rather than external factors that transform resources into finished products.

The first leaf in the shamrock organization consists of a core group of “freelancers” and “independent contractors.”

Leading is the process of arousing people’s enthusiasm to work hard and inspiring their efforts to fulfill plans and accomplish objectives.