To prove that the offered reason is pretext for an actual case of age discrimination, an employee must show that age was the only factor motivating the employment decision.

A shop steward is the intermediary between the union and an employer.

Those who use prescription medications unlawfully and who have a disability related to their unlawful drug use are not protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

A plaintiff can state a successful age discrimination claim as long as she or he is replaced by someone younger, even if the replacement is 40 years old or older.

A sitdown strike occurs when the employees take control of the factory to prevent it from hiring replacement workers; it is a legally protected activity.

Economic strikers are entitled to be reinstated if their jobs are occupied by replacement workers.

During a unionizing campaign, an employer is prohibited from: 

Mary, an employee of Prosper Paper Corp. for five years, works on an assembly line, where a majority of the positions are occupied by bachelors. Mary undergoes a profound religious conversion, and her newfound religion requires her not to work in close proximity to unmarried males. Must her employer attempt to accommodate this new religious practice? 

Disparate impact exists where a policy or rule of an employer, though not discriminatory on its face, has an effect on one group different from that on another.

The union shop agreement clause requires that all employees join the union within a certain time of coming into the bargaining unit.