The sympathetic nervous system (e.g. during exercise) affects the kidneys by __________.

  Refer to the diagram above (FIG.2.),  identify the structure “proximal convoluted tubule”.

PART II – BONUS QUESTIONS (Points WILL NOT be deducted, even if you answer the questions incorrectly.) The blood vessel that supplies nutrients to medulla of the kidney without disrupting its osmolarity form.

Provide the order of the blood vessels that carry blood through the nephron: glomerulus peritubular capillary efferent arteriole afferent arteriole

Refer to the diagram above (FIG.2.),  identify the structure “Bowmen’s capsule”.

Refer to the diagram of the kidney above (FIG.1.),  Identify the structure labeled “8.”   

The transport maximum (Tm) is referred to _______. For example, Tm of the glucose transporter.

The transport maximum (Tm) is referred to _______. For example, Tm of the glucose transporter.

PART II – BONUS QUESTIONS (Points WILL NOT be deducted, even if you answer the questions incorrectly.) Pyruvic acid in the presence of low oxygen is reduced to _______, which is converted to either glycogen or carbon dioxide. Pyruvic acid in the presence of high oxygen is converted to ______.

Calculate the net filtration pressure (NFP):                          (GBHP) =  65 mmHg,                        (CHP) = 20 mmHg                        (BCOP) = 30 mmHg