.   Psychosocial risk factors for the development of disability include:   Aging 12th grade education Job dissatisfaction All of the above

An example of chemical irritation to nerves that causes LBP:   Exposure of the nerve to nucleus pulposus material Contusion of the nerve Fracture of the vertebra Microtrauma to the nerve, IV disc, and vertebral body

An example of chemical irritation to nerves that causes LBP:   Exposure of the nerve to nucleus pulposus material Contusion of the nerve Fracture of the vertebra Microtrauma to the nerve, IV disc, and vertebral body

The severity of spondylolisthesis is determined primarily by the:   Degree of slippage Degree of instability Degree of pain Degree of nerve involvement

LBP is extremely _____ due to the _____ of correlation between anatomical  dysfunction and clinical signs and symptoms.   complex; lack accurate; high level difficult; lack none of the above

Physical therapy treatment and goals are similar for patients with osteoarthritis as with rheumatoid arthritis.

Physical therapy treatment and goals are similar for patients with osteoarthritis as with rheumatoid arthritis.

With five weeks of immobilization, the following muscular changes can be  observed:   a. Strength loss of 30-60% c. Cell necrosis b. Muscle fiber size increase of 17% d. Gross functional failure of matrix  

The components of the intervertebral joint are the intervertebral disc and the                        _____:   Spinous processes Vertebral end plates Muscles All of the above

Degenerative disc disease is also known as:   Spondylolysis Spondylosis Spondylolisthesis Spondylitis