The concept of situational crime prevention suggests that desperate people may contemplate crime, but only the truly ____ will attack a well-defended, inaccessible target and risk strict punishment.

_____reflects the view that criminality is a product of abnormal biological or psychological traits.

Rational choice theory has roots in the positivist school of criminology.

Cultural deviance theory combines elements of ___ and social disorganization theories.

The rationale for using “three strikes” sentencing policies relies on:

Sociologist Oscar Lewis argues that the crushing lifestyle of lower-class areas produces ____that is passed on from one generation to the next.

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, the ___ develops as a result of incorporating within the personality the moral standards and values of parents, community, and significant others.

While the debate is ongoing, the link between PMS and crime is considered_____

Locking gates, and putting unbreakable glass on storefronts are examples of crime discouragers.

“Awareness space” indicates that which crime is rational?