While helping her friend move into a third floor walk-up, Elisabeth experiences painful muscle spasms in her back. Her doctor prescribes a centrally acting muscle relaxant. This medication is most likely ____.

Karly is taking a nonnarcotic antitussive that has both central and peripheral actions. What might she be taking?

Lizzy has severe chronic pain following an automobile accident and her pain specialist gives her a coanalgesic to help control her pain. What class of drugs is often used as coanalgesics?

Kirk has myasthenia gravis, a disease characterized by fluctuating weakness of voluntary muscles. If he is treated with a drug that acts via the autonomic nervous system, what category of drug is he likely to receive?

Isabella carries an Epi-Pen at all times. She most likely carries it because she has ____.

Zach normally takes an antianxiety medication and, after he has his wisdom teeth pulled, takes a narcotic pain medication as well. He suddenly finds himself very drowsy and disoriented. This is an example of ____.

Marianne, 62 years of age, is discussing osteoporosis prevention with her doctor, with concerns about the action of estrogen replacement on breast and uterine tissue. Marianne might be interested in selective estrogen-receptor modifiers (SERMs) because they have an estrogen ____.

Patrick, who has bipolar disorder, has a history of serious suicide attempts. What mood stabilizer is successful in reducing suicide rates in persons with bipolar disorder?

Adrian’s mother and father have personal and family histories of drug addiction. Therefore, Adrian’s mother asks whether there are any nonstimulant medications that can be used to treat his ADHD.  What drug might be suggested?

Heather has Parkinson’s disease and her symptoms are very poorly controlled in the morning. What dopamine agonist might be helpful?