When estimating necessary sample sizes, what is the minimum amount of statistical power generally accepted in the clinical trials literature?

A research paper describing the results of a randomized controlled trial notes that “intent-to-treat” analyses were used. This means that:

You want to design a new clinical trial, and want to know how many participants you need to recruit in order to detect a meaningful clinical difference between your intervention and a control condition. When estimating your necessary sample size, you need to consider your alpha level, the amount of power that you want to have to detect your effect, and your anticipated ________.

When trying to access a(n) _________ , a(n) _________ represents an exhaustive list of all of the possible _________.

________ refers to the process of combining results from different researchers, studies using different methods of data collection, and studies using different data sources in order to provide a more complete understanding of the process/behavior being studied (and to confirm whether results from these divergent sources yield the same conclusions).

A study is being designed to assess use of pre-exposure prophylaxis in men who have sex with men. The researchers decide to first recruit 5 eligible participants, and to then have these 5 participants help recruit other potentially eligible individuals from their social circles. The researchers give each of the first 5 eligible participants numbered coupons to hand out to other potentially eligible individuals, and use these coupons to track how each participant was recruited. Models are then built of the recruitment networks (based on coupons returned to researchers), and these models are used to estimate biases related to network density and homophily. This scenario best describes a __________ approach.

The Belmont Report principle of _________ requires that researchers obtain informed consent from all research participants.

The fact that certain types of people agree to participate in clinical trials may affect which of the following:

Which of the following is not a good reason for implementing a pilot study prior to the conduct of a randomized controlled trial?

Many popular news stories have covered the “replicability crisis” in science, noting how many research studies describe effects that cannot be later reproduced by other research teams. Initially focused largely on social psychology and related social science fields, this issue has now spread across the fields of medicine and public health. Which of the following practices is least likely to contribute to this problem?