The Gilded Age lasted from 1860-1920 and was a critique of American society–particularly the poor and shiftless–by the celebrated preacher Henry Ward Beecher. 

What happened in 1867?

Russia often oppressed the Jewish subjects of the Tsar, they moved to the United States in large waves. Where did they go?

For the tree given in Question #1, which node(s) is/are the leaves?

In 2-3-4 trees, new elements are always inserted at the leaf nodes.

For questions 1-7  consider the following binary tree: Which node is the root node?

The number of exchanges required, in general, for the selection sort algorithm is the same as the number of exchanges required for the bubble sort.

In Red/Black trees, a rotation is always needed when a two-node is made  into a three node.

For the tree given in Question #1, give the results of using preorder traversal.

The distribution counting sorting algorithm requires that the possible values be known in advance.