For the example below, identify the level of linguistic structure at which the variation exists. In some dialects in the United Kingdom, /t/ and /d/ between vowels is pronounced as [ʔ]. So, /bʌtəɹ̩/ will be pronounced as [bʌʔəɹ̩].

Below is a line graph representing the frequency of pronunciation of -ing as /ɪn/ in words such as working and talking among white adult New York City residents. The higher the line on the chart, the more frequent -ing is pronounced as /ɪn/. The speakers are classed into four socioeconomic status groups, and the graph represents pronunciation in three speech situations. Examine the graph and answer the question that follows. Which group pronounces -ing as /ɪn/ the most? [answer1] Which group pronounces -ing as /ɪn/ the second most? [answer2] Which group pronounces -ing as /ɪn/ the least? [answer3]

Choose the two words that create a minimal pair for the phonemes /t/ and /k/. (Select all that apply.)

In the Great Vowel Shift that took place in Middle English, the move from pronouncing meat like [bɛːt] to [biːt] is an example of what type of sound change?

In English orthography (conventional spelling), the phonetic transcription /tʃuz/ translates to:

Choose the lexical category for the root word of the word active.

Choose the correct semantic relationship between the words boring and exciting.

Match  the situation to the type of phonological rule is being applied.

Which of the following is NOT a felicity condition for the speech act Can you close the window, please?

In English orthography (conventional spelling), the phonetic transcription /peɪdʒ/ translates to: