Bruce McCоllаum Quаlifying Exаm Day 2 Please Answer All Questiоns As part оf a large, multi-year, multi-institutional grant, university institutional researchers have come together to initiate a program of research that would have 2 broad goals: Goal 1: Explore student and institutional factors that are associated with undergraduate students’ social and academic integration attitudes toward their undergraduate institution and the effects of these attitudes on students’ intentions of dropping out of college or transferring to another institution, and use the information from the exploratory phase of the research (Goal 1) to inform the development and/or refinement of interventions, practices, methods, approaches, and/or strategies that could impact undergraduates’ social and academic integration and their intentions to drop out from their undergraduate institutions or transfer to another institution. Goal 2: Rigorously evaluate intervention/practice/strategy to determine the impact of these approaches on undergraduates’ social and academic integration and their persistence in their undergraduate institutions. You have been hired as a consultant to work with this group of institutional researchers to plan this multi-year research. At this point in the research process, the institutional researchers are considering using (1) survey methods that include attitude scales (e.g., Likert scales, semantic differentials) to measure students’ social and academic integration. Using these measures, the institutional researchers intend to use various statistical methods such as multilevel modeling, structural equation modeling, and other predictive analytic models to evaluate the strength and direction of the relations between undergraduates’ social and academic integration attitudinal variables and their intentions to drop out from their undergraduate institutions or transfer to another institution. Some of the institutional researchers in the research group are interested in going beyond describing the associations of these variables and are interested in establishing causal connections between students’ social and academic integration and their intentions of dropping out of college or transferring to another institution. To accomplish this goal, the researchers are considering (2) combining survey methods with experimental design in the form of factorial surveys. As a consultant to this group of institutional researchers, you have been asked to provide conceptual and technical guidance on the two general research approaches briefly described above (traditional survey approach and factorial survey). The institutional researchers would like to use the results from these two approaches to inform the development and evaluation of possible interventions or policies/practices to enhance student persistence. Begin by discussing what are attitudes and what are various approaches to measuring attitudes. As part of your discussion include a discussion of controversies, challenges, and promising advances in the field of attitude measurement. Consider the traditional survey approach and the factorial survey approach, for each of these approaches describe the strengths and limitations in terms of issues related to measurement, statistical analysis, research design and causal inference, ethical issues, and feasibility. Assume that the institutional researchers have decided on the use of a factorial survey approach to evaluate the effects of students’ social and academic integration attitudes and their intentions of dropping out of college or transferring to another institution. Your task is to propose a specific study using a factorial survey approach. For the research study, please address the specific issues below and any other issues that you believe are relevant. What question(s) will drive the study? What is the theoretical/policy/practical/methodological importance of the question(s)? Identify the research design selected for the study and describe your rationale for the selection of this design. Describe the participants in your study (units of analysis) and how the participants will be selected? What sample size have you selected and why? Describe what data (qualitative and quantitative) you will collect and how you will evaluate data quality (validity, reliability, and fairness). Describe the procedures for data analysis that you will use, taking into account the unit(s) of analysis you have identified in (c), the structure of your data, and the research question(s) you’ve identified in (a). Discuss any ethical issues that might arise in this research. Discuss any plan you have for disseminating the results of the research and for increasing the chances that the research results will be used.
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