Pаrаmedics Wаshingtоn and Brооks showed up for their shift feeling tired and decided to take a nap before doing their vehicle check. About 30 minutes into the shift, they were dispatched to a patient in seizure. The patient was a 16-year-old female in active seizure when they arrived. The crew before them had used all the Valium and left them a note to replace it, subsequently, the paramedics had no medication to administer to the patient. Ultimately, the seizure stopped and the patient suffered no apparent adverse consequences. The family still filed a lawsuit for negligence of the crew. Which of the following elements to establish negligence is missing in this case?