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Assignment Title:Prоbаtiоn аnd Pаrоle Case Law Research Textbook: Criminal Justice Today, 16th Edition by Frank Schmalleger Introduction Probation and parole are two important forms of community supervision used in the American corrections system. Rather than serving an entire sentence in jail or prison, some offenders are allowed to remain in the community under supervision and must follow specific rules and conditions. Probation is generally ordered by a judge as part of sentencing, while parole is granted after an offender has served part of a prison sentence. Although probationers and parolees are not incarcerated, they remain under the control of the criminal justice system. Because of this, the courts have issued important rulings that define the legal rights of offenders under supervision, the authority of probation and parole officers, and the procedures required when supervision rules are violated. On page 408 of your textbook, Table 12-1 lists important U.S. Supreme Court cases involving probation and parole. These cases helped shape due process protections, revocation procedures, search authority, and the legal responsibilities of the criminal justice system. For this assignment, you will review Table 12-1 on page 408, identify the cases listed, and conduct detailed research on selected cases. Assignment Instructions Refer to Table 12-1 on page 408 in Criminal Justice Today, 16th Edition and complete all sections below. Section 1 – Identify the Cases in Table 12-1 Review Table 12-1 on page 408 in your textbook. List every case exactly as it appears in the table. Include the full case name and year of decision if shown in the textbook. Your list must come directly from the textbook. Section 2 – Research Six Cases From the cases listed in Table 12-1, select six (6) cases and research them in detail. Number your responses 1 through 6. For each case, include all of the following: 1. Full Case Name 2. Official Case Citation NumberExample: Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471 (1972) 3. Background of the CaseExplain in your own words: What occurred in the case What legal issue brought the case before the Court 4. The Court’s DecisionExplain what the U.S. Supreme Court decided. 5. Significance of the CaseExplain why the case is important to probation or parole and how it affects: offenders under supervision probation officers or parole officers the courts or correctional system 6. Constitutional Issue InvolvedFor each of the six cases, identify and explain one constitutional issue involved in the case. Examples may include: Due Process Fourth Amendment search issues Liberty interests Procedural protections Rights during revocation proceedings Do not simply list the constitutional issue. You must explain how it applied to the case. Section 3 – Summary of Probation and Parole Write a summary about probation and parole based on the textbook reading. Your summary must include: What probation is What parole is The difference between probation and parole The role of probation and parole officers Why probation and parole are used in the criminal justice system Assignment Requirements Minimum Length: 700 words Number all answers in order Use complete sentences Use your own words only Use your textbook and reliable legal research sources Academic Integrity Policy This assignment must be completed using your own original writing. The following are not allowed: Artificial Intelligence (AI) generated responses Copying and pasting from websites, study sites, or other sources Uploading a file instead of typing directly into the assignment Students must type their responses directly into the Canvas assignment text box. Any student who submits AI-generated work, copied material, or an uploaded file will receive a score of zero (0). Automatic Point Deductions The following deductions will apply: –5 points if all cases in Table 12-1 are not listed –5 points if responses are not numbered in order –5 points if six cases are not fully explained –5 points if official case citation numbers are missing –5 points if the constitutional issue is not explained for each case –5 points if textbook citations are missing or the minimum word count is not met 30-Point Rubric Criteria Points All cases from Table 12-1 correctly listed 5 Six cases thoroughly researched and summarized 10 Explanation of the Court’s decision and significance 5 Constitutional issue identified and explained for each case 5 Organization, numbering, textbook citations, and format 5 Total