A physician discovers that a patient’s bacterial infection is resistant to multiple antibiotics. Laboratory testing shows the resistance genes are located on a plasmid. Why is this finding concerning?

Tropism refers to…

A bacterium survives treatment with an antibiotic because it received a resistance gene from a neighboring cell through a pilus. Which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer occurred?

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission, which produces genetically identical offspring. How can bacterial populations still develop genetic diversity?

A mutation changes a DNA sequence, altering one codon in the resulting mRNA. What is the most likely consequence?

A bacterial cell is exposed to a drug that inhibits DNA ligase. Which process would be most directly affected?

11g. Enlargement (check all that apply, or only check “None” if none apply)

10f. QT interval (milliseconds)

7f. QT interval (milliseconds)

7d. PR interval (milliseconds); if none or variable, enter “0”