A nurse plans care for a client on postoperative day one following spinal surgery. The client has an incision dressing, uses glucocorticoids, has diabetes mellitus, and reports pain with movement. Which nursing diagnoses represent priority concerns? (Select all that apply)

A nurse educator teaches staff about nociceptive pain physiology. A client with a severe sunburn reports pain with light touch to the affected area. The educator explains that inflammatory mediators have been released at the injury site. Which physiological process best explains why this client now experiences pain from stimuli that previously did not cause pain?

A nurse develops a preoperative teaching plan for a client scheduled for outpatient hernia repair who will return home the same day. Which teaching components will positively influence the client’s surgical recovery? (Select all that apply)

A nurse triages a client reporting severe abdominal pain but observing the client grasping the chest area. Which assessment cues help differentiate pain categories? (Select all that apply)

A nurse evaluates a client’s response to a new pain management plan implemented 48 hours ago. Which findings indicate successful outcomes? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is caring for a 68-year-old client admitted with severe vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days. Laboratory results show decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and elevated serum sodium. Which physiological response is the primary mechanism attempting to restore extracellular fluid volume?

A nurse evaluates a 42-year-old client who recently transitioned from day shift to permanent night shift work (11 p.m. to 7 a.m.). The client reports difficulty sleeping during the day despite blackout curtains, decreased appetite, and a 5-pound weight loss over 3 weeks. Which physiological change best explains these manifestations?

A nurse evaluates a 58-year-old client with progressive hearing loss who recently stopped attending weekly card games with friends and declined a family reunion invitation. The client states, “It’s just easier to stay home where I don’t have to struggle to understand everyone.” The client’s spouse reports the client seems withdrawn and “not like themselves anymore.” Which wellness dimension is MOST significantly impacted by this client’s sensory alteration?

A nurse evaluates outcomes for clients in a sleep disorders program after 8 weeks of nonpharmacological interventions. Which findings indicate effective sleep therapy? (Select all that apply)

The nurse is caring for a postoperative client. What interventions promote normal gastrointestinal function and prevent complications? Select all that apply.